pennine



(N0 Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet I.

J.. M. K. PENNINK.

' TRUCK.

No. 518,535. Patented Apr. 17, 1894.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J. M. K. PENNINK.

TRUCK.

No. 518,535. Patented Apr. 17, 1894.

Z5 Jillorney UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

J OHAN MATHIASKAREL PENNINK, OF HAARLEM, NETHERLANDS.

TRUCK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 518,585, dated April17, 1894. Application filed December 8, 1893. Serial No. 493,141- (Nomodel.) i

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J OHAN MATHIAS KAREL PENNINK, a subject of the Queenof the Netherlands, residing at Haarlem, in theProvince of North Hollandand Kingdom of the Netherlands, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Trucks for Engines, Mo-

without danger of derailment, and without injury to the track or to theengines, motorcars, or cars.

With these objects in view, the invention consists, primarily, of a bodyof an engine, motor-car, or car, made of sections pivotallyconnected,supporting-wheels designed to bear upon and run over a singlerail, and driving and guidewheels connected to the pivoted sections anddesigned to bear upon the rail upon which the supporting rails run.

Furthermore, the invention consists of an engine, motor-car, or car, theframe whereof is composed of sections pivotally connected,supporting-wheels designed to run on a single rail, and driving orguide-wheels attached to the pivoted sections of the frame, the parts ofthe frame being pivotally connected at a point above the rail and thedriving and guide-wheels being mounted below the point at which theframes are pivoted.

Furthermore, the invention consists of an engine, motor-car, or car, theframe whereof is composed of sections pivotally-connected, supportingwheels designed to run on a single track, driving and guide-wheelsattached to the pivoted sections of the frame, the driving-wheels andguide-wheels being arranged at a point below that at which the parts ofthe frame are pivotally-connected, and means for drawing the parts ofthe frame together, to increase the pressure of the driving orguide-rails on the rail.

Furthermore, the invention consists of various novel details ofconstruction, whereby the objects of the invention are accomplished andthe efiectiveness. of the device insured. The invention is illustratedin the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1.- is a side elevationof the frame of an engine,motor-car, or car, constructed in accordancewith my invention, the same being shown in position on a rail. Fig. 2-is an end elevation of the motor shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 3- is a plan viewof the same; and Fig. 4 is a detail view, partly in section, showing thepreferred form of rails to be used in connection with my invention, thepositions of the supporting and guide-wheels relative to the rail, beingshown.

The. frame of the engine, motor-car, or car, when made in accordancewith my invention, consists of two sections A, A which are each of thesame or similar construction. Suitably connected with the frame, are thesupporting-wheels B, of which any desired number may be employed. Thesesupportingwheels are arranged in line with each other, and are designedtobearupon and to be supported by a single rail. Ordinarily, theperipheries of these wheels will be grooved as illustrated in Fig. 3 0fthe drawings. The frame-sections are coupled together by a suitablenumber of hinge or other joints a, whereby the sections are retained inproper position in relation to each other and to the rail upon which thecars are to be run, and, at the same time, the movement of the sectionson the joints is permitted. The hinge-joints are located in the upperpart of the frame, pref,- erably, at a point which will be above therail when the engine, motor-car, or car, is on the rail, so that, theweight of the frame and parts attached thereto, tends to press thedriving or guide wheels 0, attached to the frame sections below thepoint at which the sections are connected, against the rail, and thusfurnish the requisite traction for propulsion.

The driving and guide-wheels G are mounted on suitable shafts C Cmounted at angles of, approximately, forty-five degrees in respect ofthe frame sections. The driving and guide-wheels are provided withflanges corresponding to those of the ordinary railwayrail, and theirposition is such that, when the supporting-wheels are on the single railupon which the cars are to run, the driving and gulde-wheels bear uponthesides of the rail which is of the general contour of the ordinaryT-rail, and the flanges extend beneath the under face of the tread ofthe rail.

Each frame sectionis constructed with an opening D for the reception ofa steam-englue, or an electric or other motor, which is suitably gearedor otherwise connected with the shafts C C and furnishes the propellingpower for driving the engine or motor-car. By the form and arrangementof thedriving and guide-wheels, the raising of the frame, with which theguide-wheels are connected, from the rail, is prevented, under allcircumstances.

If the pressure of the driving and guidewheels on the rail is notsufficient, as, for instance, in ascending steep grades, or when a heavytrain is to be drawn, more traction can be obtained by, drawing thelower parts of the frame toward each other, therebypressmg thedrivingand guide-wheels more closely against the rails. To accomplishthis, a

screw may be passed through the upper parts 0?, a so that, by turningthe same, the sections may be drawn toward each other and greaterpressure of the driving and guidewheels on the rail produced. Instead ofa' screw, electro-magnets. may be used when the motive power employed iselectricity. Magnets may be arranged opposite each other on the parts a,,a so that, when they are energized, they will be drawn toward eachother, and the necessary traction produced. When meanssuch as thosedescribed are employed,

the adhesion'between the rail and the supporting-wheels may be increasedor decreased rapldly and at will, according totherequirements. Ifdesired, the su-pportingwheels may be entlrely removed from the rails,or they may be placed so firmly against the rails that turning isrendered almost impossible, and, in this way, may serve as a brake.

The operation of moving the .parts of. the frame on their pivots may beeffected either by screws, electro-magnets, or other devices placed atthe center, at the ends, or at all three places.

To accomplish the purpose of the invention, very little movement of thedriving or guidewheels is necessary. Great adhesion between the railsand the wheels can be obtained by a very slight movement of the wheelstoward the rail, and, in ordinary cases, the movement will not exceedone millimeter.

In order to. prevent side movement or oscillation of the engines,motor-cars, or cars, made in accordance with my invention, spring-seatedwheels or rollers E are mounted in the lower parts of the frame-sectionsand these are designed to bear upon suitable rails e embodiedor carriedby the frame, or

the like, upon which the rails are supported. The wheels E, E, arecaused to bear upon the rails 'e, by springs e 6 arranged to pressagainst the bearings of the wheels or rollers E, E. Any degree ofressure may be imposed by putting more or less tension 011 the springs.

When electricity is to be used as the mo tive power for driving thecars, the rail 6, may be used for conducting a current of electricityfroma suitable generator, and the wheels or rollers E may be made partof the elec-.

trical connection between these conductors and the motors to be arrangedinthe spaces D, D, in the frame sections of a motor-car. The preferredform ofrailfor use in connection with my invention, is that shown inFig. 4: of the drawings. The rail is divided through its center, formingtwo sections and is retained in place by suitable clamps or angle-ironsretained by screw-bolts pas sin g through the angle-irons and therail-sections.

In placing the parts together, the ends of no two rail-sections areallowed to come opposite each other, and the ends of no angle-iron orclamp is allowed to come opposite the end, of

a rail-section against which it is placed. By

this arrangement, a practically continuous rail may be made of anylength, and this form is particularly advantageous where the entirestrain is to come upon one rail.

Having thus fully described my invention, What I claim as new, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, isg l. Atruck for an engine,motor-car, or car, composed of sections hinged together, andsupporting-wheels designed to bear upon and run over a singlerail,attached to the frame, substantially as described.

2. A truck for an engine, motor-canorcztr,

composed of sections hinged together, supporting-Wheels attached to/theframe and designed to bear upon and run over a single rail, and drivingand guide wheels connected to the frame and designed to bear upon thrail, substantially as described. i

3. A truck for an engine, motor-car, or car,

composed of sections hinged together, supv porting-wheels attached tothe frame and designed to bear upon and run over a single rail,drivingwheels and guide-wheels attached to the frame and designed tobear upon the rail,the sections of the frame being connected bya pointabove the rail, whereby the weight of the frame and appurtenances tendsto hold the driving and guide-wheels in contact with the rail,substantially as described.

4.. A truck for an engine, motor-car, or car, composed of sectionshinged together, supporting-wheels attached to the frame, a single rail,and driving and guide-Wheels arranged at an angle onthe frame, andprovided with flanges bearing upon the under side of the tread of therail, the frame being pivotally connected at a point or points above therail, substantially as described.

5. A truck for an engine, motor-car, or car, composed of sections hingedtogether, supporting-wheels arranged on the frame, drivoted sections,and means for drawing the sections together to press the driving andguidewheels upon the rail, substantially as described.

6. A truck for an engine, motor-car, or car, made of sections hingedtogether, the frame being provided with openings for the reception of asteam-engine, electric motor, or the like, supporting wheels designed tobear upon and run over a single rail attached to the body, and drivingand guide-wheels connected to the pivoted sections and designed to bearupon the rail upon which the supportingwheels run, substantially asdescribed.

'7. A truck for an engine, motor-car, or car, composed of sectionshinged together, supporting-wheelsattached to the frame and designed tobear upon and run over asingle rail, driving and guide-wheels, andspring- 20 seated wheels or rollers arranged in the lower ends of thesections and designed to bear upon the rail, substantially as described.

8. A truck for an engine, motor-car, or car, composed ofduplicatesections arranged one on each side of a single main rail andhinged together at a point above the rail, the upper portions of thesesections being crossed or extended to opposite sides of the rail,suitable means for adjusting these opposing upper i portions, wherebythey may be moved toward or away from each other, a plurality ofsupporting and guide-wheels, and a motor or motors carried by the truck,substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in 35

